Gerunds & Infinitives

The gerund and the infinitive have parallel uses in English and Spanish,

but there are also important differences between the two languages(English and Spanish).

Both forms are invariable, that is, they do not change regardless of their position in a sentence. 

In English, the gerund is identical in form to the present participle(ending in -ing) and can behave as a verb within a clause(so that it may be modified by an adverb or have an object), 

Examples:

™Reading helps you learn English. subject of sentence

™Her favorite hobby is reading. complement of sentence

™I enjoy reading. object of sentence

   

Infinitives are the "to" form of the verb. The

infinitive form of "learn" is "to learn." You

can also use an infinitive as the subject, the

complement, or the object of a sentence.

  Examples:

™To learn is important. subject of sentence

™The most important thing is to learn. complement of sentence

™He wants to learn. object of sentence

 

 

Gerunds & Infinitive

The gerund and the infinitive have parallel uses in English and Spanish,

but there are also important differences between the two languages(English and Spanish).

Both forms are invariable, that is, they do not change regardless of their position in a sentence.

Gerunds & Infinitive

Adjectives

Adjectives are the part of speech (or word class) that modifies a noun or a pronoun.
In English, we rarely think of "matching" adjectives with nouns, but in Latin, this is exactly what we do.
In Latin, adjectives must AGREE with the nouns they modify in THREE ways:
CASE: if the noun is in the ablative, then the adjective is in the ablative.
NUMBER: if the noun is plural, the adjective is plural.
GENDER: if the noun is feminine, the adjective is feminine.

The categories in the following table can be described as follows:

1. Determiners — articles and other limiters. See Determiners
2. Observation — postdeterminers and limiter adjectives (e.g., a real hero, a perfect idiot) and adjectives subject to subjective measure (e.g., beautiful, interesting)
3. Size and Shape — adjectives subject to objective measure (e.g., wealthy, large, round)
4. Age — adjectives denoting age (e.g., young, old, new, ancient)
5. Color — adjectives denoting color (e.g., red, black, pale)
6. Origin — denominal adjectives denoting source of noun (e.g., French, American, Canadian)
7. Material — denominal adjectives denoting what something is made of (e.g., woolen, metallic, wooden)
8. Qualifier — final limiter, often regarded as part of the noun (e.g., rocking chair, hunting cabin, passenger car, book cover)